The US and Iran agreed to a two-week conditional ceasefire, which included a temporary reopening of the strait of Hormuz, after a last-minute diplomatic intervention led by Pakistan.

In the weeks before the ceasefire, US and Israel launched strikes against&nbsp;Iran that killed also country´s supreme leader. Iran retaliated with strikes&nbsp;across the region on Israel and US allies in the Gulf.

The fighting escalated quickly, spreading to Lebanon, with casualties and damage mounting on all sides.

Iranian authorities have intensified their violent crackdown on anti-government demonstrations, resulting in a dramatic increase in deaths. Human rights organisations estimated that thousands&nbsp;of protestors have been killed.

EU - Iran

MEPs debate the recent events in Iran, where authorities have been responding with massive force to nationwide protests that have erupted in recent weeks.

A resolution will be put to a vote on Thursday.

Iranian authorities have intensified their violent crackdown on anti-government demonstrations, resulting in a dramatic increase in deaths in recent days. Human rights organisations estimate that hundreds of protestors have been killed. Although the country faces an almost total internet shutdown and severe restrictions on telephone communications, information continues to emerge from the country, including authenticated footage showing protesters being killed and rows of bodies placed in bags outside medical facilities.

European Parliament President Metsola has voiced her support for “the courageous people of Iran” and urged the EU to swiftly broaden its sanctions to include all individuals who are sustaining the regime through repression, violence, and killings. On 12 January, she announced a ban on all diplomatic staff and any other representatives of the Islamic Republic of Iran from entering European Parliament premises. “This House will not aid in legitimising this regime that has sustained itself through torture, repression and murder,” President Metsola said.

EP Plenary debate on the widespread demonstrations in Iran and the harsh crackdown

MEPs assess the latest developments in the Middle East, in particular in Iran, and what the EU can do to help restore peace.

Parliament reviews the latest events in the region, including the US airstrikes against Iranian nuclear facilities at the end of June 2025, and Israel’s earlier attacks on Iranian targets, which led to Iran launching missiles at Israeli cities. In a plenary debate on 16 June, the EU High Representative, Kaja Kallas, said that Iran, as the main source of regional instability, must never be allowed to acquire a nuclear weapon. She also defended diplomacy as the best way to address Iran's nuclear programme in the long run.

MEPs are also expected to repeat their calls for an end to the deplorable humanitarian situation in Gaza, for a new ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, and for a hostage release agreement.

Plenary debate on the situation in Middle East

Joint Debate - Situation in the Middle East
Risk of further instability in the Middle East following the Israel-Iran military escalation
Review of the EU-Israel Association Agreement and the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Gaza

Joint Debate - Situation in the Middle East

MEPs and the Commission discuss Iran’s state-sponsored terrorism in light of recent attacks in Europe.

The debate follows recent reports by European security services that Iran may have been involved in the explosions and shootings that took place near the Israeli embassies in Stockholm and Copenhagen, by using local criminal gangs. European officials have also warned of an increase in assassination attempts by Iranian intelligence targeting Jews and regime critics on European soil.

The European Parliament has long been a vocal critic of the Iranian clerical regime for its brutal suppression of the democratic aspirations of its own citizens, as well as its support for Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. MEPs have also called for the country’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps to be placed on the EU terrorist list.

State sponsored terrorism by the Islamic Republic of Iran in the light of the recent attacks in Europe

Parliament evaluates the escalating violence in the Middle East and the latest developments in Lebanon with EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell. This discussion follows the anniversary of the Hamas terrorist attack that resulted in the deaths of 1,200 Israelis on 7 October 2023, and which has since triggered ongoing conflict in Gaza and broader regional instability.

As Israel intensifies ground operations against Hezbollah in Lebanon, around 100 Israeli hostages remain unaccounted for, and casualty numbers in Gaza continue to rise. In response to the conflict, Iran has launched ballistic missiles at Israel. High Representative Borrell has emphasized the EU's commitment to prevent a regional war. MEPs have previously called for an immediate ceasefire, the unconditional release of hostages, and unrestricted humanitarian aid access, with reports from the Gaza Health Ministry indicating that approximately 40,000 Palestinians have died since October 2023 due to Israel's response to the attack by Hamas.

Escalation of violence in the Middle East and the situation in Lebanon

AFET - Exchange of views with people advocating for a free Iran

EP Plenary Session - Commission statement - Imminent death penalty threats in Iran in the light of the latest executions, including on 18 and 19 March 2026, by the Iranian regime

EP Plenary Session - EUCO and situation in the Middle East

EP Plenary session - Brutal repression against protesters in Iran

EP Plenary session - EU strategy with regard to Iran’s nuclear threat and the implementation of EU sanctions resulting from the snapback mechanism

DROI - The EU strategy to promote and to protect human rights of women worldwide

EP Plenary session - Situation in the Middle East

EP Plenary session - Joint Debate - Situation in the Middle East

Members of the Foreign Affair Committee (AFET) and of the parliamentary delegation to Iran discuss current events in the country with representatives of organisations advocating for a free Iran. Invited guests include Shirin Ebadi, Sakharov and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (online), Mustafa Hijri, leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan, Saeed Bashirtash, leader of the 7 Aban Front, Abdullah Mohtadi, leader of Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, and Sanaz Behzadi, journalist at Open Society. Q&A

Exchange of views with people advocating for a free Iran: Q&A

Members of the Foreign Affair Committee and of the parliamentary delegation to Iran discuss current events in the country with representatives of organisations advocating for a free Iran. Opening statements by David MCALLISTER (EPP, DE), AFET Chair, Hannah NEUMANN, (Greens/EFA, DE), D-IR Chair, Shirin EBADI, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (online), Mustafa HIJRI, leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan, Abdullah MOHTADI, leader and secretary general of Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, Saeed BASHIRTASH, leader of the 7 Aban Front, Sanaz BEHZADI, Association for the Promotion of Open Society on Iran (APOS). This transcription is the result of an automatic process. Please check against delivery.

Exchange of views with people advocating for a free Iran: opening statements

Members of the Foreign Affair Committee (AFET) and of the parliamentary delegation to Iran discuss current events in the country with representatives of organisations advocating for a free Iran. Invited guests include Shirin Ebadi, Sakharov and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (online), Mustafa Hijri, leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan, Saeed Bashirtash, leader of the 7 Aban Front, Abdullah Mohtadi, leader of Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, and Sanaz Behzadi, journalist at Open Society. David MCALLISTER (EPP, DE), AFET Chair, closes the meeting.

Exchange of views with people advocating for a free Iran: Closing statements by David MCALLISTER (EPP, DE), AFET Chair, Hannah NEUMANN, (Greens/EFA, DE), D-IR Chair, Shirin EBADI, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (online), Mustafa HIJRI, leader of the Demo

This News item presents extracts from the exchange of views of the Foreign Affairs Committee (AFET) with people advocating for a free Iran. They discuss current events in the country with representatives of organisations advocating for a free Iran. Invited guests include Shirin Ebadi, Sakharov and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (online), Mustafa Hijri, leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan, Saeed Bashirtash, leader of the 7 Aban Front, Abdullah Mohtadi, leader of Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, and Sanaz Behzadi, journalist at Open Society.

Exchange of views with people advocating for a free Iran: extracts from the committee meeting

Roberta METSOLA, President of the European Parliament, gives an opening statement about the situation in Iran. This transcription is a result of an automatic process. Please check against delivery.

Opening statement by Roberta METSOLA, EP President on the situation in Iran

Maroš ŠEFČOVIČ, European Commissioner for Trade, Economic Security, Interinstitutional Relations and Transparency and by Marilena RAOUNA, Cypriot Deputy Minister for European Affairs, close the debate on the US-Israel military operation against Iran, its consequences and the need to support Iranians, as well as on the expectations for the 19-20 March EU summit.

EUCO and situation in the Middle East: closing statements by Maroš ŠEFČOVIČ, European Commissioner for Trade, Economic Security, Interinstitutional Relations and Transparency and by Marilena RAOUNA, Cypriot Deputy Minister for European Affairs

MEPs debate the US-Israel military operation against Iran, its consequences and the need to support Iranians, as well as expectations for the 19-20 March EU summit. As the United States and Israeli air strikes in Iran are ongoing, and Iran continues to respond with missile and drone attacks targeting Israel and other countries in the region with links to the US, MEPs discuss the latest developments. MEPs also outline their demands for the upcoming EU summit. They build on the sense of urgency expressed at the informal competitiveness retreat of EU leaders on 12 February 2026, where Commission President Ursula von der Leyen committed to a “One Europe, one market” roadmap aimed at completing the single market and strengthening Europe’s competitiveness. MEPs also discuss the role of the EU’s next long-term budget (the 2028–2034 multiannual financial framework) as a driver of competitiveness, alongside European defence and security priorities.

EU - Iran (T)

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