Recent events have multiplied concerns about potential fragmentation of the internet into a multitude of non-interoperable and disconnected 'splinternets'. Composed of thousands of compatible autonomous systems, the internet is by definition technically divided. Yet, the internet was also designed to be an open and global technical infrastructure. The unity and openness of the internet appear to be under great pressure from political, commercial and technological developments. This report explores the implications of the EU's recent policies in this field as well as the opportunities and challenges for EU Member States and institutions in addressing internet fragmentation. It underlines how recent EU legislative proposals – on the digital services act, digital markets act, artificial intelligence act, and NIS 2 Directive – could help to address patterns of fragmentation, but also have limitations and potentially unintended consequences.

EPRS Science and Technology Podcast - 'Splinternets': Addressing the renewed debate on internet fragmentation

&lt;p>The internet is a critical technology infrastructure for almost two thirds of the global population. We use the internet for personal, civic, commercial and professional activities. Failure of the internet would majorly impact how our societies, lives and work is organised. While a total global collapse of the internet is unlikely, major disruptions may arise. Three aspects are key in understanding of how this could materialise: the underlying technological infrastructures, which are evolving with time; the fact that tech companies are increasingly shaping the Internet architecture to seek new commercial strategies; and the increasing control of the digital sphere for political reasons.&lt;/p>

EPRS policy podcast - Future shocks 2023: Collapse of the Internet

Since its early development in the 1960s, Internet infrastructure has become almost as important as electricity and transport infrastructures in contemporary societies. More and more key services such as banking, food retail, and health care, rely on Internet connections. Despite its original resilient decentralised design, the increasing importance of a few central players and centralising developments have made the Internet more vulnerable to failure. What repercussions would that entail? Listen to our podcast to know more!

EPRS STOA podcast - What if the Internet failed?

Internets ir mainījis veidu, kādā daudzi no mums rezervē brīvdienu ceļojumus. Tādēļ ES nolēma pielāgot noteikumus, kas aizsargā cilvēkus, kuri iegādājas kompleksos brīvdienu ceļojumus. Lūk, kā no tā var gūt labumu.

Šoreiz pastāstīsim, ko Eiropa dara to cilvēku labā, kuri izmanto kompleksos brīvdienu ceļojumus

Vai esi noguris no nevērtīgām ziņām? Tu neesi vienīgais. Aplūkosim trīs veidus, kā Eiropa gādā par to, lai Tu kļūtu par informētu interneta lietotāju.

Šoreiz pastāstīsim, ko Eiropa dara informētu interneta lietotāju labā.

Vai tu iepērcies tiešsaistē? Ja tā, tu esi viens no 65 % Eiropas interneta lietotāju, kas to dara. Iepirkšanās tiešsaistē kļūst arvien populārāka, jo īpaši jauniešu vidū. Taču ģeogrāfiskās bloķēšanas prakse bieži liedz ES interneta lietotājiem piekļūt vēlamajiem pakalpojumiem. Lūk, kā Eiropas Savienība atvieglo iepirkšanos tiešsaistē.

Šoreiz pastāstīsim, ko Eiropa dara, lai palīdzētu pārrobežu pircējiem tiešsaistē.

Varbūt jūs esi viens no daudzajiem Eiropas iedzīvotājiem, kas izmanto kolektīvo finansēšanu. Tas ir jauns interneta rīks, kuru izmanto, lai iegūtu finansējumu konkrētiem projektiem. Turklāt tas arī ļauj ieguldītājiem finansēt interesantus projektus.

Šoreiz pastāstīsim, ko Eiropa dara kolektīvā finansējuma lietotāju

Mēs dzīvojam laikā, kad zināms digitālo prasmju līmenis ir vajadzīgs gandrīz visās darbvietās. Gandrīz 44 % pieaugušo Eiropas Savienībā ir ļoti vājas digitālās prasmes, un aptuveni 20 % nekad nav izmantojuši internetu. Lūk, ko Eiropas Savienība dara, lai šos statistikas rādītājus uzlabotu.

Ko Eiropa dara to cilvēku labā, kuri vēlas apgūt digitālās prasmes?

A ban on "roaming" surcharges for using mobile phones abroad in the EU, to take effect from June 2017, and clear rules on the right to internet access, will become law when Parliament takes its final vote on the new telecoms package.

Roaming fees for calling, sending text messages and using mobile internet abroad in the EU will be banned from 15 June 2017.

Roaming - 8th parliamentary term

The EU is under growing pressure from disinformation by countries, non-state actors and terrorist groups which promote violence and use pseudo-news agencies and internet trolls to challenge democratic values and divide Europe.

The EU has been increasingly hit by destabilising messagesamounting – in different forms and to different degrees – to coherent hostile ‘strategic communications’ campaigns, or the processes of infusing communications activities with an agenda or plan to impact the behaviour of a target audience.

Anti-EU propaganda - 8th Parliamentary term

Internet use and the number of connected devices continue to increase, but so do cyber threats. Parliament has approved new legislation to improve your security.

Activities by cybercriminals are increasing in complexity and sophistication. On Tuesday 12 March 2019, MEPs voted in favour of the cybersecurity act which aims to improve the European response to the increasing number of cyber threats by strengthening the role of the European Agency for Network and Information Security (Enisa) and establishing a common cybersecurity certification framework.

Under the plans Enisa will get more staff and funding, while cybersecurity cooperation between EU countries will be intensified. There will be standardised certification for IT equipment across Europe. Initially certification is voluntary.

See more on this topic by visiting our <a href="https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/cybersecurity-8th-parliamentary-term_11301_pk">package</a> for the 8th parliamentary term. ​​​​​​​

Cybersecurity (2020)

The proposed "Directive on copyright in the Digital Single Market" seeks to ensure that creatives and news publishers and journalists benefit from the online world and the internet as they do from the offline world.

n March 2019 MEPs adopted by 348 votes in favour, 274 against and 36 abstentions a new directive on Copyright. This marks the end of the legislative process for the European Parliament that began in 2016. The directive aims to ensure that the longstanding rights and obligations of copyright law also apply to the internet. YouTube, Facebook and Google News are some of the internet household names that will be most directly affected by this legislation. The directive also strives to ensure that the internet remains a space for freedom of expression.

Copyright directive

Speech by Roberta METSOLA, EP President at EPP Hearing on Internet Safety for Children

EP Plenary session - Oral question - The new European strategy for a better internet for kids (BIK+)

Internet access: a new human right

Interneta savienojamības veicināšana vietējās kopienās (debates)

Promotion of internet connectivity in local communities (debate)

Interneta savienojamība izaugsmei, konkurētspējai un kohēzijai: Eiropas gigabitu sabiedrība un 5G - Eiropas rūpniecības digitalizācija (debates)

Internet connectivity for growth, competitiveness and cohesion: European gigabit society and 5G - Digitising European industry (debate)

Nesenā IANA pārvaldības nodošana pasaules interneta kopienai 2016. gada oktobrī un gaidāmais Interneta pārvaldības forums Meksikā 2016. gada 6.–8. decembrī (debates)

Recent transition of the IANA stewardship to the global internet community in October 2016 and the upcoming Internet Governance Forum in Mexico (6-8 December 2016) (debate)

EYE 2016 – EYEtv Debates « The internet of inequality: next generation digital revolution » and « Dark shadows around the corner: climate change and future food »

UNKN

Cīņa pret bērnu seksuālo izmantošanu internetā (debates)

Fight against child sexual abuse on the Internet (debate)

Press seminar for web journalists

Video Hearing with the Senate of the Italian Republic - Statement by David SASSOLI, EP President on Internet as a human right

' Ideas for a new world '  Internet access: a new human right - Debate with EC President and former EC President- Introduction by David SASSOLI, EP President

JURI committee meeting. Exchange of views with Romanian Presidency. Presentation of study on Essential Patents and Internet of Things, commissioned by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of JURI committee

Press conference on the launch of the new website ' What Europe does for for me '

Press conference on the launch of the new website ' WHAT EUROPE DOES FOR ME '

MEPs vote on several texts: opening of negotiations on the Union Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders - Guillaume, Human rights situation in Afghanistan, in particular the persecution of former government officials - Motion for resolution, the case of Zarema Musaeva in Chechnya - Motion for resolution, Egypt, in particular the sentencing of Hisham Kassem - Motion for resolution, European green bonds - Tang, Scheme of generalised tariff preferences - Hautala, Financial services contracts concluded at a distance - Kokalari, Urban wastewater treatment. Recast - Torvalds, Situation in Nagorno-Karabakh after Azerbaijan’s attack - Motion for resolution, Taking stock of Moldova’s path to the EU - Motion for resolution, The new European strategy for a better internet for kids (BIK+) - Motion for resolution.

Voting session: Union Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders, the new European strategy for a better internet for kids (BIK+), taking stock of Moldova’s path to the EU

The internet provides many opportunities for kids to learn and explore, to be creative or to interact with their friends and family, but it also entails many risks such as cyberbullying, age-inappropriate content, disinformation and sexual abuse. In May 2022, the European Commission published a new European strategy for a better internet for kids (BIK+). The new strategy contributes to the vision for the EU's digital transformation by 2030 and reflects the principle, 'Children and young people should be protected and empowered online'. Restrictions: ©The material may not be edited and must be shown entirely.

EPRS - Creating a better internet for kids

Prázdninové plány zmařené přísnými lockdownovými pravidly, nedostatek kontaktu s jinými lidmi a dva teenageři doma – rodina Diaconescu si prožila své. Co je během pandemie drželo nad vodou? Celý příběh rodiny Diaconescu si můžete poslechnout v rozhovoru, který v červenci 2021 poskytli ve videu z cyklu „Spojeni v odloučení“.

Spojeni v odloučení | Příběh rodiny Diaconescu: „Naše děti se s kamarády mohly spojit jen přes internet“

Die Urlaubspläne zunichtegemacht, die sozialen Beziehungen auf Eis gelegt und zwei Teenager zuhause – die Coronapandemie und die damit verbundene Ausgangssperre stellte Familie Diaconescu auf eine harte Probe. Wie haben sie diese Herausforderung gemeistert? Familie Diaconescu erzählt ihre Geschichte in dem Video-Interview an, das sie im Juli 2021 für „Gemeinsam getrennt“ gab.

Gemeinsam getrennt | Familie Diaconescus Geschichte: „Unsere Kinder konnten nur übers Internet mit ihren Freunden in Verbindung bleiben“

2021. gada pēdējā plenārsēdē Parlaments piešķirs Aleksejam Navaļnijam 2021. gada Saharova balvu par domas brīvību. Eirodeputāti diskutēs par to, ka vajadzētu ciešāk regulēt lielās tiešsaistes platformas, un balsos par 2022. gada pasludināšanu par Eiropas Jauniešu gadu. Tas viss un vēl citi notikumi plānoti Strasbūrā.

Nākamnedēļ Strasbūrā: Saharova balva, interneta milži un jaunieši

As of May 2018, with the entry into application of the General Data Protection Regulation, there is one set of data protection rules for all companies operating in the EU, wherever they are based. This Infoclip illustrates people consulting websites on computer and smartphones, GDPR compliances on various websites, internet connections, rooters and servers.

Infoclip: General Data Protection Regulation two years after its application

David SASSOLI, EP President, gives a statement on "Internet as a human right" during a Video Hearing with the Senate of the Italian Republic (Extraordinry Committee for the protection and the promotion of Human Rights). Recorded statement. This transcription speech is the result of an automatic process. Check against delivery.

Statement by David SASSOLI, EP President on "Internet as a human right" during a video Hearing of the Senate of the Italian Republic (recorded)

It is increasingly recognised that the internet, in spite of all its benefits to society, can also be correlated with significant harms to individuals and society. Some of these harms have been studied extensively, particularly harms to privacy, harms associated with security and cybercrime, and harms resulting from digital divides. This video presents less studied but equally important harms: harms associated with internet use that concern the health, well-being a functioning of individuals, and the impact on social structures and institutions. It also lists some concrete policy options to be considered by the EU Institutions and Member States, to mitigate negative effects of the internet for European citizens. Restrictions: ©The material may not be edited and must be shown entirely.

EPRS - Potentially negative effects of internet use

This infoclip illustrates examples of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in everyday life: home assistants, connected home, e-commerce, social networks, predictive search on internet, navigation app., city bike rentals, video filters, image recognition system, augmented reality... (shootings took place in Strasbourg region - France, October 2020)

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