In questa puntata ci immergiamo nella storia europea per celebrarne una tappa fondamentale: il 20° anniversario del più vasto allargamento dell'Unione europea. Il 1° maggio 2004, dieci paesi situati nel cuore dell'Europa sono entrati a far parte dell'Unione, portando con sé ben nove lingue di lavoro ufficiali. È stato un momento di festa, di unità e di infinite opportunità.

Il 20esimo anniversario del più grande allargamento dell'Unione europea

L'Unione europea è un'unione politica ed economica di 27 Stati membri. Ci sono anche altri paesi che hanno chiesto di aderire, di cui nove sono candidati. Ma il processo per diventare uno Stato membro è lungo e articolato.

Come funziona l'allargamento dell'Unione europea?

In November 2023, the European Commission presented its annual enlargement reports. Its strategic orientations and recommendations include accelerating the accession process with the Western Balkan countries, opening accession negotiations with Ukraine and Moldova, and granting candidate status to Georgia. According to the European Parliament's 2022 recommendation on the new EU strategy, enlargement policy is 'the most effective EU foreign policy instrument and one of the Union's most successful policies'.

EPRS Policy Podcast: Enlargement policy - Reforms and challenges ahead

Sono 27 gli Stati che attualmente compongono l’Unione europea, un’unione politica ed economica. Ci sono però altri Paesi che hanno fatto domanda per entrare a farne parte. Al momento, gli Stati candidati sono sette. I candidati potenziali sono invece tre. Ma diventare membri dell’Unione europea è un processo lungo e tutt’altro che semplice.

L’allargamento dell’Unione europea: come funziona

Interview with Josep BORRELL FONTELLES, EP President 2004 - 2007 on the enlargement (audio only)

The story of the EP by its Presidents: Josep BORRELL FONTELLES, EP President 2004 - 2007 - 1. The enlargement

The European Union's enlargement policy is based on established criteria and fair and rigorous conditionality.

Progress along the European path is an objective and merit-based process which depends on the concrete results achieved by each individual country, with the rule of law, justice and fundamental rights being an utmost priority. A credible enlargement perspective requires sustained efforts and irreversible reforms. The EU Enlargement is an investment in peace, security and stability in Europe: a prospect of EU membership has a powerful transformative effect on the partners in the process, embedding positive democratic, political, economic and societal change.

Albania, the Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey are candidate countries.The European Council has decided to grant the status of candidate country to Ukraine and to the Republic of Moldova in June 2022.

Negotiations are held with each candidate country to determine their ability to apply EU legislation (acquis) and examine their possible request for transition periods.

Enlargement

Candidate countries include Montenegro, Albania, Serbia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina are considered potential candidates.

In order to apply for EU membership a country has to be European and respect the EU’s democratic values. It also needs stable institutions guaranteeing democracy and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the ability to take on and carry out the obligations of EU membership.

EU Enlargement - Western Balkans (2019-2020)

The EU has developed a policy to support the gradual integration of the Western Balkan countries with the Union. The EU aims to promote peace, stability and economic development in the region&nbsp;and open up the prospect of EU integration.

In order to apply for EU membership a country has to be European and respect the EU’s democratic values. It also needs stable institutions guaranteeing democracy and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the ability to take on and carry out the obligations of EU membership.

Parliament is fully involved in the Stabilisation and Association Process &nbsp;and must also consent to any new accession to the EU. In addition, through its budgetary powers, it has direct influence over the amounts allocated to the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance. Parliament’s Committee on Foreign Affairs appoints standing rapporteurs for all candidate and potential candidate countries. Parliament expresses its positions on enlargement in the form of annual resolutions responding to the Commission’s latest annual country reports.

On 1&nbsp;July&nbsp;2013, Croatia became the first of the seven countries to join, and Montenegro, Serbia, the Republic of North Macedonia and Albania are official candidates. Accession negotiations and chapters have been opened with Montenegro and Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo are potential candidate countries.

EU Enlargement - Western Balkans

On May 1, 2004, ten&nbsp;new member states joined the European Union, marking the&nbsp;largest enlargement in terms of people and number of countries in the EU's history. Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia joined the Union, growing from 15 to 25 members.

The European Parliament celebrates the 20th anniversary of these ten nations joining the European Union&nbsp;and engaging in the EP's democratic process to defend the interests of European citizens.

20th anniversary of the 2004 enlargement of the European Union

Candidate countries include Montenegro, Albania, Serbia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina are considered potential candidates.

In order to apply for EU membership a country has to be European and respect the EU’s democratic values. It also needs stable institutions guaranteeing democracy and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the ability to take on and carry out the obligations of EU membership.

EU Enlargement - Western Balkans - 8th parliamentary term

MEPs in the Foreign Affairs Committee meet Commissioner for Enlargement Marta Kos. The discussion is expected to focus on the state of play and the progress made by the ten enlargement countries.

AFET debate with Marta KOS, Commissioner  for Enlargement

Marta Kos is self-employed, working through Kos Consulting and Coaching since 2021. From 2017 to 2021, she was the Slovenian Ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein, and the Ambassador to Germany and Latvia (2013-2017). She is now the European Commissioner-designate for Enlargement, for the von der Leyen Commission II.

Confirmation hearing of Marta KOS, Commissioner-designate, Enlargement

EP President Roberta Metsola, Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, former EP President Pat Cox, and former Commission President Romano Prodi participates in a formal sitting of Parliament to mark the 20th anniversary of the 2004 EU enlargement round along with representatives from the ten countries, that joined the EU 20 years ago.

During the ceremony, the guests answer questions from a group of young people born on or around 1 May 2004 from the new member states, who are invited to attend the sitting.

Formal sitting commemorating the 20th anniversary of the EU's biggest enlargement

EP Plenary session.- 2023 and 2024 reports on North Macedonia

Committee on Foreign Affairs Extraordinary meeting Structured dialogue with Marta Kos, Commissioner for Enlargement

AFET

Press point by Marta KOS, Commissioner-designate for Enlargement

Press point by David MCALLISTER (EPP, Germany), Chair of AFET, following the confirmation hearing of Marta KOS, Commissioner-designate for Enlargement

CONFIRMATION

HEARING

Press conference by Stéphane SÉJOURNÉ, Renew Europe President, on the enlargement of the group

Press conference by Olivér VÁRHELYI, Commissioner for Neighbourhood and Enlargement

Joint meeting / Climate Change in the Mediterranean: situation of the UfM members in the enlargement area

Press point following the hearing of Olivér Várhelyi, Commissioner-designate, Neighbourhood and Enlargement

Hearing of Olivér Várhelyi, Commissioner-designate, Neighbourhood and Enlargement

Federica MOGHERINI - Vice-President of the Commission, and Johannes HAHN, Commissioner for the Enlargement Package

Decisione adottata in merito alla strategia di allargamento dell'UE - Balcani occidentali (discussione)

Decision adopted on the EU Enlargement Strategy - Western Balkans (debate)

Ampliamento e rafforzamento dello spazio Schengen: Bulgaria, Romania e Croazia (discussione)

Enlargement and strengthening of the Schengen area: Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia (debate)

F. MOGHERINI - High Representative of EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy - J. HAHN - EU Commissioner for European Neighbourhood Policy & Enlargement Negotiations - and C. STYLIANIDES - EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid & Crisis Management

Štefan FÜLE - European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy

Allargamento: politiche, criteri e interessi strategici dell'UE (discussione)

Enlargement: policies, criteria and the EU's strategic interests (debate)

Relazione sull'allargamento al Montenegro (discussione)

Enlargement report for Montenegro (debate)

Relazione sull'allargamento alla Turchia (discussione)

Enlargement report for Turkey (debate)

Relazione sull'allargamento al Kosovo (discussione)

Enlargement report for Kosovo (debate)

CONT - Public Hearing on Two Decades of progress: Evaluating the successes and lessons in implementing the EU budget from the Enlargements since 2004

EP Plenary session - Institutional and political implications of the EU enlargement process and global challenges

AFET Working group on Western Balkans  - Exchange of views with Marta Kos, Commissioner for Enlargement on the state of play of the enlargement process with regard to Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia

AFET - Exchange of views with Marta Kos, Commissioner for Enlargement

AFET - Confirmation hearing of Marta KOS, European Commissioner-designate for Enlargement.- Press point

AFET - Confirmation hearing of Marta KOS, European Commissioner-designate for Enlargement

20th Anniversary of the 2004 EU Enlargement - Parliament’s seats illumination

EP Plenary session - Pre-enlargement reforms and policy reviews

20th Anniversary of the 2004 EU Enlargement - Interviews

20th Anniversary of the 2004 EU Enlargement - Arrivals and family photo

EP Plenary session - 20th Anniversary of the 2004 EU Enlargement

AFET - Exchange of views with Foreign Affairs Ministers of Member States on the EU enlargement policy ahead of the March 2024 European Council

EP Plenary session - Deepening EU integration in view of future enlargement

EP Plenary session - Council and Commissions statements - 30 years of Copenhagen criteria - giving further impetus to EU enlargement policy

EP Plenary session - Commission statement - EU enlargement policy 2023

AFET - Presentation of the 2023 Enlargement Package and the new Growth Plan for the Western Balkans bythe Commissioner Olivér Várhely.

Roberta METSOLA, EP President meets with Oliver VARHELYI, European Commissioner for Neighbourhood and Enlargement

Meeting of the Committee for Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs on the third Report on progress by Turkey in fulfilling the requirements of its visa liberalisation roadmap, during the EP plenary session (09-12 May 2016) in Strasbourg. Statements by Timothy KIRKHOPE (ECR, UK), LIBE Committee chair, Ana GOMES (S&amp;D, PT), Monika HOHLMEIER (EPP, DE), Birgit SIPPEL (S&amp;D, DE), Cecilia WIKSTR&Ouml;M (ALDE, SE), Kostas CHRYSOGONOS (GUE/NGL, EL) and Marta CYGAN, Director, Strategy and Delivery Steering Directorate General Home Affairs of the European Commission.&nbsp;

Third report on progress by Turkey in fulfilling the requirements of its visa liberalisation roadmap: extracts of the debate (recorded 9/05/2016)

Meeting of the &nbsp;Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs on the&nbsp;report on the progress by Turkey in fulfilling the requirements of its visa liberalisation roadmap, in the EP in Brussels. Statements by Marta CYGAN, Director, DG HOME (EC), Sophia IN'T VELD (ALDE, NL), Marie-Christine VERGIAT (GUE/NGL, FR).

Report on progress by Turkey in fulfilling the requirements of its visa liberalisation roadmap: extracts from the exchange of views

Debate on the Protection of trade secrets against their unlawful acquisition, use and disclosure, during the EP plenary session (11-14 April 2016) in Strasbourg.&nbsp;Vote on the report by Constance LE GRIP (EPP, FR) and extracts from the debate (recorded 13/04) and statements by Constance LE GRIP (EPP, FR), Rapporteur, Johannes HAHN, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations, Mich&egrave;le RIVASI (Greens/EFA, FR) and Lara COMI (EPP, IT)

Protection of trade secrets against their unlawful acquisition, use and disclosure: extracts from the vote on the report by Constance LE GRIP (EPP, FR) and extracts from the debate (recorded 13/04)

Vote during the plenary session of the EP in Strasbourg on the 2015 Report on Turkey. Final vote on the resolution, passed by 375 votes to 133, with 87 abstentions

2015 Report on Turkey: extracts from the vote

Meeting of the&nbsp;Committee on Foreign Affairs on 2015 Report on Turkey, in the EP in Brussels. Vote and statement by Kati PIRI (S&amp;D, NL), Rapporteur

2015 Report on Turkey: extracts from the vote and statement by Kati PIRI (S&D, NL), Rapporteur

Vote&nbsp;of a resolution on the&nbsp;2015 Report on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia during the EP Plenary session (7-10 March) in Strasbourg.
As a result, the resolution was adopted.
509 voted; 404 in favor; 76 against; 29 abstentions.

2015 Report on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: extracts from the vote

Debates on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law &nbsp;during the EP Plenary session (7-10 March) in Strasbourg.&nbsp;Statements about Freedom of expression in Kazakhstan by Urmas PAET (ALDE, EE), Jir&iacute; POSPISIL (EPP, HU), Doru-Claudian FRUNZULICA (S&amp;D, RO) and Johannes HAHN, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations.
Statements about Egypt, notably the case of Giulio Regeni by Barbara LOCHBIHLER (Greens/EFA, DE), Ignazio CORRAO (EFDD, IT), Marietje SCHAAKE (ALDE, NL), Curzio MALTESE (GUE/NGL, IT), Pier Antonio PANZERI (S&amp;D, IT) and Johannes HAHN
Statement about Democratic Republic of the Congo by Kashetu KYENGE (S&amp;D, IT), Mark DEMESMAEKER (ECR, BE) and Mariya GABRIEL (EPP, BG)

Cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law: extracts

Debate on the 2015 Report on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, during the EP Plenary session (7-10 March) in Strasbourg. Statements by Jeanine HENNIS-PLASSCHAERT, Dutch Minister of Defence, Johannes HAHN, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations, Ivo VAJGL (ALDE, SI), Tunne KELAM (EPP, EE), Richard Stuart HOWITT (S&amp;D, UK) and Tamas MESZERICS (Greens/EFA, HU)

2015 Report on the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: extracts from the debate

Visit of&nbsp;Ahmet DAVUTOGLU, Turkish Prime Minister, to the EP in Brussels. Arrival, welcome by Martin SCHULZ, EP President, roundtable and extracts from the press point

Martin SCHULZ, EP President meets with Ahmet DAVUTOGLU, Turkish Prime Minister: arrival, roundtable and extracts from the press point

Martin SCHULZ, EP President ahead of the meeting of the EU heads of state or government with Turkey in Brussels. Arrival and doorstep

Martin SCHULZ, EP President ahead of the meeting of the EU heads of state or government with Turkey: arrival and doorstep

Opening of the Ukraine week in the EP in Brussels. Statements by Andrej PLENKOVIC (EPP, HR), Chair of the EP delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee, Martin SCHULZ, EP President, Volodymyr GROYSMAN, Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Pat COX, former EP President 2002-2004, and Johannes HAHN, Member of the EC in charge of European Neighbourhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations

Ukraine week in the European Parliament: extracts from the Opening of the Conference

Press conference by Kati PIRI (S&D, NL), rapporteur, on the Progress report on Turkey, in the EP in Brussels.

Progress report on Turkey: extracts from the Press conference by Kati PIRI (S&D, NL), rapporteur

Debate on 2014 Progress Report on Turkey during the EP plenary session in Strasbourg. Statements by Zanda KALNIŅA-LUKAŠEVICA, Parliamentary State Secretary for the European Affairs of Latvia, Christos STYLIANIDES, Member of the EC in charge of Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management, Kati PIRI (S&D, NL), Rapporteur, Renate SOMMER (EPP, DE), Geoffrey VAN ORDEN (ECR, UK), Alexander Graf LAMBSDORFF (ALDE, DE)

2014 Progress Report on Turkey: extracts from the debate

French subtitles - Interview with Egon A. KLEPSCH, EP President (1992-1994) on EU enlargement.

FR Subtitles - The story of the EP by its Presidents: Egon A. KLEPSCH, EP President 1992 - 1994 - EU enlargement

Interview with Pat COX, former EP President (2002-2004) on the Enlargement and the Irish referendum on the Nice Treaty

DE Subtitles - The story of the EP by its Presidents: Pat COX EP President 2002-2004 - 2. The Enlargement: The Irish referendum on the Nice Treaty

Interview with Pat COX, former EP President (2002-2004) on the Enlargement as a priority of his mandate.

FR Subtitles - The story of the EP by its Presidents: Pat COX EP President 2002-2004 - 1. The Enlargement: A priority of his mandate

Interview with Egon A. KLEPSCH, EP President (1992-1994) on EU enlargement.

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